Structures are diverse and vary depending on the geomorphic context where the Maintenance of existing and construction of new check dams. National, regional and local governments have invested, andĬontinue to invest, in basin scale erosion-control projects that may include both Torrent control, water supply enhancement, agricultural land development, and This could allow for systematic integration with landuse policies assuring consistency among approaches executed by practitioners acting in this field.Ĭheck dams have been used throughout the world for a variety of purposes including Our intention is to homogenize debris‐flood hazard assessments and especially mapping methodologies. Substantial challenges remain, specifically in the reliable prediction of sediment transport and progressive bank erosion. Isolines of bank erosion based on a probabilistic analysis of a physically based model are added to capture the potential of debris floods to abruptly widen their channels. The derivative “composite hazard maps” are equally valid for debris floods and debris flows. We describe approaches to quantify hazards by systematically accounting for these processes and introduce a novel approach for hazard quantification and mapping in which flow velocity, depth, and presumed fluid density are combined with the annual event frequency for all event scenarios. Key hazards interact spatially and temporally in debris floods: inundation, scour, sediment transport and deposition and bank erosion. This trichotomy challenges traditional hazard assessments debris floods classify as a fluvial process, yet their destructive mechanics are difficult to characterize. We subdivide debris floods into three categories: those triggered by a supra‐critical bed shear stress ratio, form by dilution from debris flows, and resulting from outbreak floods. This became obvious during July 2021 and November 2021 debris floods in northwestern Germany and southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Debris floods most commonly occur in steep mountain channels and on their alluvial fans but can also occur on small gravel bed rivers with watershed areas up to several hundred square kilometers.
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